TCM Differential

Liver patterns · Clinician-review draft

Liver Qi Stagnation: symptoms and differentiation

Liver Qi Stagnation is a TCM pattern of constrained movement. The strongest cases are not identified by one symptom, but by a coherent cluster: distension or symptoms that move, emotional reactivity, and findings that change with stress or the menstrual cycle.

Try a Liver Qi Stagnation case
Eight Principles
Primarily Interior · Excess
Core mechanism
Constrained movement of Liver Qi
High-value clue
Distension or symptoms linked to stress
Typical pulse
Wiry

The presentation to look for

Common findings include hypochondriac or chest distension, frequent sighing, irritability or emotional constraint, and digestive symptoms such as belching or abdominal bloating. In menstrual presentations, premenstrual breast distension, irritability or cycle-linked worsening can strengthen the pattern hypothesis.

The quality and behaviour of the symptom matter. Distending, moving or fluctuating discomfort is more informative than pain alone; worsening with emotional stress is more informative than irritability alone.

  • Ask whether pressure or distension changes location or improves after belching, passing gas or movement.
  • Establish whether stress reliably precedes or intensifies the complaint.
  • For menstrual complaints, ask about breast distension, irritability and symptom timing within the cycle.
  • Check appetite, bloating and stool only when the complaint suggests digestive involvement.

Tongue and pulse

The tongue may be unremarkable in uncomplicated Qi stagnation. A wiry pulse is the more characteristic supporting observation. Red sides, a yellow coat or a rapid pulse suggest that constraint may be generating Heat rather than remaining a simple Qi stagnation picture.

Neither the tongue nor pulse should override a contradictory symptom history. Use them as independent evidence that raises or lowers confidence.

Differentiate nearby patterns

CandidateWhat supports itWhat shifts away from simple Qi stagnation
Liver FireSevere irritability, red eyes, bitter taste, thirst or dry mouthClear Heat signs, red tongue with yellow coat, rapid or forceful pulse
Blood StasisFixed, stabbing, localized painPurple tongue, dark clots or a choppy/firm quality rather than mainly distension
Spleen Qi DeficiencyFatigue, poor appetite, loose stool, post-meal bloatingDeficiency picture with pale tongue and weak pulse
Liver–Spleen disharmonyStress-linked symptoms plus digestive weaknessBoth the constrained Liver cluster and the Spleen deficiency cluster are present

Move from reading to reasoning

Test the distinctions in an interactive case.

The assistant asks for evidence that can change the ranking and keeps missing observations visible.

Try a Liver Qi Stagnation case